Food intake, physical activity, medications, and other parameters affect the blood sugar. The self-monitoring of blood sugar helps to better handle the diabetics with all situations of everyday life and also gives security. To keep the value of blood sugar in the normal range, therefore all diabetics who inject insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs should occupy, regularly to measure their blood sugar.
What increases the blood sugar?
Nutrition: All foods that contain carbohydrates raise blood sugar! Depending on how quickly carbohydrates are degraded, the blood sugar rises quickly or slowly. Glucose can rise the blood sugar very quickly, with whole wheat bread, this takes much longer, however. Carbohydrates are suitable for diabetics, which slowly increase the blood sugar. However, there is an exception: at a low blood sugar quickly effective carbohydrates must be given.
Disease: Influenza, colds or stomach intestinal infections can increase blood sugar, even if it behaves perfectly normal. Especially in feverish diseases of blood glucose to a not inconsiderable extent can rise. Testing in such cases - more frequent blood glucose measurement and on ketone bodies.
Medicines: medicines for other diseases, can increase blood sugar levels. Also, the drugs under certain circumstances can affect each other. What drugs raise blood sugar and which interactions occur, can answer the doctor or the pharmacy.
Stress: Stress, stress or just the tedious standing in the early morning let the blood sugar levels slightly to the top fast. This phenomenon is called dawn phenomenon. In stressful situations, the body pours out much adrenaline and cortisone. These substances increase both blood sugar levels. Therefore, diabetics should often measure the blood sugar at a time in which they have a lot of stress.
Menstruation: In some women the blood sugar in the course of the cycle may change again and again. If so, for example, in the middle of the cycle, the blood sugar increases, the insulin dose should be adjusted accordingly.
What lowers the blood sugar?
Sport: Physical activity significantly lowers the blood sugar partly because less insulin is needed to bring glucose into the cells. Before exercise, diabetics should therefore take 1 or 2 carbohydrate units or earlier to reduce their medication and regularly control the blood sugar. Hours later the blood sugar can be even humiliated! Is also, to note that the exposure to heat, E.g. a hot bath or a massage speeds up directly after the absorption of insulin insulin injection!
Alcohol: Alcohol change metabolism in the liver. The blood sugar can drop rapidly because the body once the "poison" must break down alcohol. Therefore: drink no more than 2 glasses of wine or beer. Have a bite to eat to prevent nocturnal hypoglycemia - just before going to sleep.
Medicines: hypoglycaemia can also be caused by drugs. Therefore, diabetics should know their medicines and their effects. What medicines can lead to influence blood sugar levels, can clarify the doctor or the pharmacy in person.
Diet: Who takes off, whose blood sugar levels fall. Therefore always greater measure the blood sugar.
Insulin: Insulin takes the glucose into the cells and reduces the blood sugar. Insulin-dependent diabetics should know about the risks of hypoglycaemia, to behave accordingly to. Causes of hypoglycaemia can be: forgotten meals, too much insulin injected, unusual movement, alcohol, blood sugar-lowering drug.
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