Simple urine test sticks, which can be used by the interested parties themselves are used for early detection. The typical colouring (positive result) occurs when the excess blood sugar by the kidney in the urine is released.
See diabetes
Diabetes can be in principle simply by repeated measurements of glucose levels in the blood (for example drops of blood from the finger tip). Move the blood sugar readings in the grey area between unique boost and standard deployed additional screening (fasting under 100 mg / dl; after the meal below 140 mg / dl). These include, for example, the creation of a blood sugar day profile and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Is a diabetes is detected, investigated whether he possibly can be attributed to other causes of illness or circumstances. Examples of this are the gestational diabetes, diseases of the pancreas (pancreatic), certain medicines and other causes (see also special forms of diabetes).
Therapy
The treatment of type 2 diabetes according to a phased plan: first attempts to keep the patients about physical activity and a decrease in weight. In conjunction to normalize blood sugar levels is achieved with a special diabetes diet in many cases already. The patient can not motivate or these measures for other reasons is not, working the drug therapy begins. Initially used oral medication (oral antidiabetic drugs). These drugs include the so-called Resorptionsverzögerer, Sulphonylureas, Biguanide and Sensitisers. Treatment with these oral preparations - possibly with multiple leads at the same time - not to normalize the glucose, insulin or Insulinartige used drugs. Insulin comes in many forms of preparation with varying long duration.
Conventional insulin therapy (CT)
The daily need for insulin is performed in traditional (conventional) insulin therapy with 2 mixing insulin injections (morning and evening). The amount of food and physical activity be tuned out.
Intensive insulin therapy (ICT)
Must be the intensive insulin therapy after the base-bolus approach consists of the food-independent basic requirement (basal insulin, usually as long term insulin) and the Additionally necessary amount of insulin (bolus insulin as a fast-acting regular insulin given), the injected before dinner. Each food intake and physical activity planned is calculated. The intensified treatment leads to a better adjustment of the blood sugar, is for the patient but harder, because he must measure the blood sugar more often and more often to inject insulin. This form of treatment is not suitable for every patient.
Insulin pump therapy
Another form of insulin treatment consists in planting a small pump located below the skin, which automatically emits the required amount of insulin in the blood (insulin pump therapy). Alternatively, the pump body is worn, insulin reaches via a tube (catheter) into the body.
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