Thrombosis is a blood clot in a vein and impedes the flow of blood to the heart. This manifests itself mostly by pain and swelling in the affected area. It is important to distinguish between the different types of thrombosis. Because a blood clot can result in principle in any artery of the body and even the heart - with different consequences.
Thrombosis in veins or arteries
A blood clot forms in an artery, termed arterial thrombosis, which is a common cause of a heart attack or stroke. With the vein thrombosis we differentiate between the superficial and deep vein thrombosis.
Thrombosis of superficial veins is also often for varicose veins or by inflammation of vein catheters called phlebitis (thrombophlebitis) and is created. The clot in the deep veins may lead connecting veins. In the following, a deep vein thrombosis is meant when there is talk of a thrombosis.
Thrombosis in the leg particularly common
A thrombosis in the leg veins occurs particularly frequently — but other vessels in the body can be affected. A thrombosis in the arm or in the basin is rare. The symptoms are independent in principle similar to from the affected area.
The clot dissolves from the vascular wall, a dangerous pulmonary embolism can occur. Therefore, it is important properly to interpret signs of venous thrombosis and to consult a doctor quickly.
Symptoms not always clear
In a thrombosis, a vein is closed or partially by a blood clot. This results in a more or less pronounced blood stasis which can express themselves through drawing pains and a swelling and overheating.
But often lack the typical signs: some patients feel only a slight tenderness or discomfort, which resemble a sore. Classic "thrombosis characters" such as calf pain at the pull of the foot or pain with pressure on the sole of the foot are observed only in a proportion of cases.
In addition, following symptoms can indicate thrombosis:
- Bluish discoloration of the skin (cyanosis)
- visible, bulging veins on the skin
- plump, shiny skin with a feeling of tightness
- Pain during compression of the calf with both hands
- Fever
- Increase in heart rate
Thrombosis is suspected to the doctor
If you notice symptoms in themselves, which could suggest a thrombosis, please consult a doctor as quickly as possible. Especially after a long journey by car, bus, train or plane, it is important carefully pay attention to possible signs of thrombosis. Because long periods of sitting without sufficient movement breaks increases the risk for the development of thrombosis.
Diagnosis by ultrasound
A thrombosis is suspected the doctor collects medical first and questioned the patients according to different risk factors and symptoms. In conjunction with a physical examination and a blood test, he can determine the probability of the existence of a thrombosis.
The diagnosis is then confirmed by a so-called Kompressions sonografie. There, the doctor with the ultrasound device examines if the vein is puff and if the blood flow is impaired. In unclear cases an X-ray with contrast (venography) is carried out, causing a thrombosis usually sure can be detected.
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